National Counselor Exam (NCE)

Which of the following pairs of personality theorists and perspectives is INCORRECT?

1. Carl Rogers; social learning

2. Carl Jung; genetic

3. Sigmund Freud; psychodynamic

4. Abraham Maslow; humanistic

The correct answer is: Carl Jung; genetic

The correct response identifies that Carl Jung is inaccurately paired with the genetic perspective. Carl Jung is best known for his contributions to analytical psychology, which emphasizes the importance of the collective unconscious and archetypes, rather than a genetic approach to personality. Jung's focus was primarily on the psychological aspects of personality development and the spiritual dimensions of individuals, rather than on genetic influences. His theories involved concepts such as introversion and extraversion, as well as the development of the self through individuation, which are steeped in psychological exploration and not strictly biological determinants. In contrast, the other theorists are correctly aligned with their respective perspectives. For instance, Carl Rogers is associated with the humanistic perspective, emphasizing self-actualization and unconditional positive regard. Sigmund Freud is indeed linked to the psychodynamic perspective, which delves deeply into unconscious motivations and childhood experiences shaping behavior. Lastly, Abraham Maslow is correctly associated with the humanistic perspective as well, particularly known for his hierarchy of needs which culminates in self-actualization. This context clarifies why the pairing of Carl Jung with a genetic perspective does not fit with Jung's established theoretical contributions.